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T.J. Wood's div. of the Federal 4th A.C., July 20-22, 1864. The line extended E. 1.5 mile to intersection of Rock Spring & Cumberland Roads. This was a part of the general movement on Atlanta by Federal forces from the N. & E. which had begun at the upper Chattahoochee River crossings July 17. Wood advanced from this position in the general move toward Atlanta, early the 22d, where he occupied a sector of the line from which siege operations were carried on until terminated Sept. 2, by the surrender of the city. -84.36717326098619 33.80153048465419 0 117.5136971839696 0 -0.001449673966913219 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy70 -84.36729455777143,33.80142348245099,0 Wood's and Newton's Divisions at Peachtree Creek 0 July 19, 1864. Wood's & Newton's 4th A.C. divs. moving S. from Buckhead to effect crossings at Peachtree Cr. found the bridge burned. Wood improvised one & crossed two brigades which after a sharp contest with Hardee's troops [Confederate], drove them to the high ground southward. Wood held the bridge-head S. of the creek until relieved at dark by Newton's div. which moved forward the next day to the battlefield of Peachtree Creek near Collier Rd. Wood's div. camped -- night of July 19 -- at Buckhead & the next morning it followed Stanley's route to join Schofield at Pea Vine Cr. -84.38901714916555 33.81792179620246 0 141.2995616264143 0 3.68036625714647e-007 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy8 -84.38885941423578,33.81783504586411,0 Williams' Division Deployed 0 July 20, 1864. Williams' div., 20th A.C., having crossed Peachtree Cr. 750 yds. N., deployed his 3 brigades - Robinson's, Knipe's & Ruger's in the order named, on this ridge from this point W. This was part of a general move on Atlanta by Fed. forces - no precautions taken against attack for none was anticipated. Geary's div. was posted on ridge .5 mi. S.E. at Collier Rd. A deep ravine separated the two; no road where N. Side Dr. is located. When the attack by Stewart's A.C. struck both Williams and Geary, the latter was forced to refuse his right wing down the slope to connect with Robinson's brigade at this point. -84.40717371968002 33.81377224275234 0 181.8247437145615 0 0.000133533148849975 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy50 -84.40747834936838,33.81346000538465,0 Site of Confederate Rolling Mill 0 -84.36964953997533 33.7498848220913 0 341.6628879362964 2.122212682780421e-010 0.001839400428372498 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy7 -84.36964953997533,33.7498848220913,0 Williams House - Where Hood Watched the Battle of Atlanta 0 In 1856 James E. Williams (Mayor of Atlanta 1866-1868), built a residence atop this high ground which later became a part of Oakland Cemetery. From the second story of the house, Gen. John B. Hood, in command of Confederate forces, & members of his staff, watched that part of the Battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864, where Brown's & Clayton's divs., Cheatham's A.C. [CSA], moved eastward astride the Ga. R.R. to the assault on the Federal 15th A.C. line also astride the R.R. -- at DeGress Ave., 1 1/4 mi. distant. A notable landmark of this area -- the Rolling Mill -- stood on the site of the cotton mill. -84.37296055688731 33.74968366975723 0 93.05584985530157 0 2.222727803055892e-010 #msn_icon10 -84.37296055688731,33.74968366975723,0 Ezra Church 0 -84.44082460786063 33.75184631489199 0 154.7822145874855 0 -1.115342786526704e-007 #msn_icon11_copy2 -84.44092946074899,33.75190511063532,0 West Side Siege Line 0 Howard's Army of the Tenn. (3 corps), which had fought E. of Atlanta July 22, were shifted to this area W. of the city, July 27, 28, 1864. Dodge's 16th & Blair's 17th A.C. were aligned along Chapel Rd. which, in 1864, led S.W. directly to Ezra Ch. (MOZLEY PARK), where the line was prolonged westward by the 15th corps. This shift of Federal forces was a thrust at the 2 railroads entering the city from the S.W. at East Point. After the Battle of Ezra Church, July 28, siege operations were pushed E. toward Atlanta by these troops, together with the 14th & 23d corps, which prolonged the line s. to the Campbellton Road. -84.43323323219347 33.76313984528644 0 153.8404918839409 2.159331247179464e-010 -9.624182692153002e-005 #msn_blue-pushpin_copy40 -84.43335848065041,33.76299567231313,0 Ward's Division Crossed Peachtree Creek 0 July 20, 1864. Ward's 20th A.C. div. crossed a short distance downstream, leaving the artillery on this side, because of difficult terrain south of the creek. Moving S.W., it occupied the section between Geary's div. (W. of Collier's Mill), & the right of Newton's 4th A.C. div. astride Peachtree Rd. at the hill-top this side of Collier Road. This completed the Fed. alignment between Clear Creek (on the E.) & Howell Mill Rd. (on the W.), against which Hood launched his attack at 3:30 P.M., -- the first of his sorties from Atlanta -- the Battle of Peachtree Creek. -84.38885055437096 33.81793106650645 0 63.95761273564426 0 4.996704456398539e-005 #msn_blue-pushpin_copy1 -84.38878848641073,33.81793855175411,0 Thrasherville 0 In 1839 "Cousin John' Thrasher built a settlement called Thrasherville at this then forested site near the peg marking the planned terminus of the Western & Atlantic RR. This railroad was later built by the State of Georgia to provide a link to the north for other Georgia railroads. When building northward near Griffin, the Monroe RR accepted John Thrasher's bid to build an embankment to enable a future junction of the Monroe RR with the W&A RR. The Monroe Embankment, a $25,000 project, required about two years to complete. To fulfill his contract John Thrasher brought in many laborers, built rough shelters to house them and opened Atlanta's first store. Atlanta's first religious service, labor trouble, social event and baby are associated with this settlement. In 1842 the terminus was changed to the place now marked by the Zero Mile Post. Thrasherville, Terminus and Marthasville were the names given to the railroad generated settlement activity which preceded Atlanta. Thrasherville and Terminus were unofficial names. Marthasville was incorporated in 1843 and was reincorporated as Atlanta in 1845 and 1847. "Cousin John's" settlement at this location is where Atlanta began. -84.39250082496493 33.75649522030948 0 153.1437449062196 0 -0.01377333633495635 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy51 -84.39227194913975,33.75640714177528,0 The Mississippi Brigade 0 Brig. Gen. W. S. Featherston -- Loring's div. It consisted of the 40th, 31st, 22d, 3d & 33d regts., (deployment sequence W. to E.) Stigler's sharpshooters in skirmish line. Brigade was on extreme rt. of Stewart's A.C., joining Hardee's A.C. which prolonged the line E. to Clear Cr. Featherston's [Confederate] assault struck the fronts of Coburn's & Wood's brigades [Union] in the ravine N. of Collier Rd. -- his right regts. vainly attempting to enter a gap between Wood's & Kimball's brigades, in which action Col. J.L. Drake, 33d Miss. was slain. Repelled by counter-assaults, brigade withdrew S. of rd., which the Federals held against repeated attempts to retake it. -84.39824262381235 33.80856726908836 0 134.1978679252791 0 6.098986914128714e-005 #msn_red-pushpin_copy9 -84.39808112227696,33.80856378352851,0 Hiram Embry Plantation 0 At about this location stood the ante-bellum residence of Hiram H. Embry (1805-1877), a notable landmark during the battle of Peachtree Cr. At 4 P.M., July 20, 1864, Walthall's div. [Confederate] advanced N. on this road to attack the Federal line above Collier Road -- Reynolds' brigade on left, Cantey's (O'Neal's) on right. Deploying at old Mt. Zion Church, the brigades came up abreast. In maintaining alignment on the right with Loring's div., [Confederate] both brigades swung Eastward -- a move that diverted Reynolds' troops across the road near the Embry house & directed its assault toward the re-entrant angle of the Federal line across the deep ravine. -84.41220597590579 33.80804428673622 0 489.9121346373465 0 0.0007100126217116473 #msn_icon56_copy60 -84.41434932264316,33.80788470965791,0 The Exterior LIne - July-August, 1864 0 When Federal forces E. of Atlanta were shifted to the W. side, to move against the Macon and the West Point railroads (entering the city from the S.W.), the Confederate defenders intrenched a line W. of a parallel to them. This line began at W. Fair & Ashby Sts. & ran w.W. to & beyond this point, ending at the Ga. Military Academy in College Park. Siege operations (July 28 - Aug. 25) were barren of results & ceased with transfer of Federal forces S. to Fairburn & Jonesboro, where the seizure of the railroads & the consequent evacuation of Atlanta, ended the campaign. -84.4326703138445 33.73864814176208 0 198.4681770172019 6.603342027039286e-011 -0.0005954338807845151 #msn_red-pushpin_copy7 -84.43304556041393,33.73886734268461,0 The DeGress Battery 0 July 22, 1864. Light Battery H, 1st Ill. (four 20-pounders), Capt. Francis DeGress, was posted here on right of M.L. Smith's div., Logan's 15th A.C. Shells from these guns are said to have been the first to fall in Atlanta. Late afternoon. Manigault's brigade (Confederate) broke the Federal line at the R.R., forcing Martin's brigade, S. of it & Lightburn's N. of it, to withdraw. DeGress' gunners spiked the pieces & the horses were shot to prevent the removal of the guns by their Confederate captors. The line was retaken in a counter-charge by Martin & Lightburn, aided by Mersy's 16th A.C. brigade. Capt. DeGress re-possessed his guns. -84.35270649043873 33.76037122893172 0 100.8123172662465 0 -4.246434665988818e-005 #msn_blue-pushpin_copy21 -84.35304288041643,33.76025962512107,0 The 15th Corps Sector 0 July 20, 1864. Posted on this ridge, astride the Georgia R.R. was the right flank of Hood's old corps, (Confederate) Gen. B.F. Cheatham commanding. July 22. These troops were withdrawn, before daylight, to the city fortifications. The vacated line was occupied by Logan's corps, (Union) which was reversed to face westward. Gen. Morgan L. Smith's div. centered at the R.R., Lightburn's brigade posted (between DeGress Ave. & Battery Place) west of the Hurt house; Martin's, S. of it -- The R.R. cut separating them. The Confederate assault, afternoon July 22d, broke the lines of Lightburn & Martin's brigades at the Decatur Rd. & the railroad cut. -84.35251693338925 33.75847533779913 0 186.7639995480066 1.762747619783379e-010 -0.0001209045285385611 #msn_blue-pushpin_copy01 -84.35220385204949,33.75832800273009,0 Surrender of Atlanta 0 SEPTEMBER 2, 1864 Gen. Hood, in person, with Stewart's A.C. and the Georgia Militia abandoned the city, Sept. 1, as a result of Hardee's defeat at Jonesboro August 31, and marched S. to Lovejoy's Station. Federal forces at Chattahoochee River Crossings since Aug. 25, suspecting the evacuation of the city on hearing loud explosions, sent forward a reconnaissance to investigate. At this point it met Mayor James M. Calhoun with a committee, who tendered the surrender of the city, asking protection for citizens and property. Col. John Coburn, vice Maj. Gen. H.W. Slocum, com'd'g 20th A. C., received the surrender. -84.40609974413053 33.77575445466434 0 373.4274203981474 0 -0.02786074607561496 #msn_red-pushpin_copy80 -84.40699715688206,33.77564194408178,0 Springvale Park 0 July 22, 1864. Brig. Gen. John C. Brown's div. of Cheatham's A.C. [Confed.] moved astride the Georgia R.R., E. from the Atlanta fortifications to attack the Federals at the Troup Hurt house. Manigault's brigade, followed by Sharp's, were north of the R.R.; Coltart's & Benton's S. of it. Manigault's brigade halted in a ravine to reform its line while Coltart's brigade, S. of the R.R. came up abreast. Resuming the charge, Manigault's men ascended the slope to & beyond the Pope house, penetrating the Federal line at the railroad cut & seizing the Illinois batteries. A remnant of the ravine is still visible in Springvale Park. -84.35723794684917 33.75643207409818 0 42.74289550673905 3.654490441969991e-011 -0.000711939176033306 #msn_red-pushpin_copy61 -84.35727425351777,33.75642704275761,0 Foster's Woolen Mill 0 Established circa 1880 -84.41601150046722 33.82371291102744 0 377.3844696887552 0 -1.917544974104041e-008 #msn_icon56_copy20 -84.41674224479432,33.82378200598894,0 Federal Seige Line 0 At about this location, an intrenched line of field works crossed this block extending S.W. to 7th St., where it turned N.W. to Juniper at 11th St. This was a sector of the Federal siege line occupied by troops of Brig. Gen. T.J. Wood's 3d div. of Howard's (later Stanley's) 4th Corps, from July 22 to August 25, 1864 -- these dates representing the period of siege operations. Lt. Ambrose G. Bierce, topographical officer of Hazen's brigade, Wood's div., was later known as an author of stories relating to his experiences in the Federal Army -- perhaps the only instance of literary attainment deriving therefrom in the campaign for Atlanta. -84.37819433582943 33.77922928196026 0 390.6597368442437 0 3.208412329839755e-005 #msn_blue-pushpin2 -84.37858682560986,33.77925476838847,0 Howell's Mills 0 A notable ante-bellum land-mark established 1852, by Judge Clark Howell (1811-1882). Two buildings -- grist and sash-sawmills -- which stood at about this location. The old road crossed the creek on a wooden bridge to the west of the present highway and bridge. Surviving the war, the mills burned in 1879. They were the center of a rural community with a P.O. (1876-1891). Another enterprise was Foster's Woolen Mill, established circa 1880 -- which stood on the S. bank of the creek, to the W. of this marker. -84.41399174280817 33.82430313799758 0 391.9076648778848 0 0.001124274905241957 #msn_icon56_copy30 -84.41239011046757,33.82445037604286,0 Scott's Brigade 0 On the high hill 500 yds. S. of Collier Rd. the left of Scott's brigade (27th, 35th &49th Ala. & 12th La.) Loring's div. [Confederate] dislodged Geary's outpost, [Union] the 33d N.J. regt. & captured its flag. Pressing forward, the left of Scott's line [Confederate] moved toward Geary's batteries at Collier Rd., while the right of it, diverted by gun-fire, cross Tanyard Branch & the road & continued down the slope N. -- in effect, flanking Geary's two batteries 300 yds. westward. This surprise assault by Scott, had it been in greater force, might have driven a wedge in the center of the Federal line; outnumbered, it was driven back S. of the road. -84.40242425702544 33.81028940839551 0 128.5411958333926 0 -2.166330514293403e-007 #msn_red-pushpin_copy4 -84.40253958210801,33.8102238460788,0 Sardis Methodist Church 0 Sardis Methodist Church is built on land taken from the Indians by Sy Donaldson and given to the church before this section of the State had been surveyed -- when land was platted by beeswax string, and there were no deeds. Believed to date from 1812, this church antedates the three counties (Henry, DeKalb and Fulton) that have contained this tract of land. In early days Sardis Methodist Church was on a circuit with preaching every two weeks -- on Tuesdays or Wednesdays. Earliest known pastors were Lane and Owens. Marked graves in the cemetery date from the 1830's. Four church buildings have stood on this site: a little log cabin; a two-story wooden structure built by the members and destroyed by a cyclone; a third church building erected with the help of Sardis Lodge No. 107 F. & A. M., who used the second floor as a meeting place; and the present edifice, built in the 1920's, in the style of 1812. Come of the church roll today are descendants of charter members. Four families have belonged for four generations and seven have been members for three generations. -84.38348742433823 33.85772464949223 0 438.5268406228722 0 -0.0004426360600956636 #msn_icon11_copy3 -84.38407195692014,33.8576389838097,0 St. Phillip's Episcopal Church 0 On this property in 1848 was erected and consecrated St. Philips Church, the first Episcopal Church in Atlanta. In 1882, a second, larger church building was built on this site. In 1904, Bishop C.K.Nelson took the church under his spiritual jurisdiction, and it was consecrated the Cathedral of St. Philip. It occupied this site until 1933, when a new Cathedral was erected on Peachtree Road. -84.38787032698255 33.74974063314364 0 101.2543968408381 0 0.0460075993591339 #msn_icon11_copy5 -84.38764662533183,33.74975509713615,0 Utoy Primitive Baptist Church 0 Utoy Primitive Baptist Church, the oldest Baptist Church in present Fulton County, was constituted August 15, 1824, in a log house just west of here. The church was moved to its present location in the summer of 1828. In 1864 the church was used as a Confederate hospital. July 22, Col. James S. Boynton, 30th Georgia, was wounded and brought to Utoy Church for medical care. Boynton later became President of the Georgia Senate and on March 5, 1883, the day after the death of Governor Alexander H. Stephens, he became of Governor of Georgia, to serve until a special election could be held. In the cemetery at Utoy Church lies buried Dr. Joshua Gilbert, Atlanta's first doctor. Born in 1815 in South Carolina, Dr. Gilbert was graduated from old Augusta Medical College in 1845 and came to Atlanta. At that time Atlanta was called Marthasville and was located in DeKalb County. Here he practiced medicine until his death in 1889. -84.449621752955 33.71525121038534 0 115.0093751920991 0 -1.77887219364785e-005 #msn_icon11 -84.44984806446614,33.71538716648179,0 Roswell Presbyterian Church 0 In 1839, 15 Presbyterian men and women, "members of the colony" of Roswell, invited the Rev. Nathaniel A. Pratt, D.D., of Darien, to organize the first Presbyterian church of Roswell. These charter members included the Bulloch, Dunwoody, Hand, King, Smith Pratt families, and Misses Elizabeth and Helen Magill, Susan Elliott and Sarah Gould. John Dunwoody, Sr., Barrington King, and Archibald Smith were elected elders. Dr. Pratt, the first pastor, served until his death, 40 years later. The Rev. Henry Barrington Pratt, whose Spanish translation of the Bible is used today, went from this church as a missionary to Colombia in 1856; Dr. George Butler to Brazil in 1883. The early membership included several Negro slaves. Of these, Charles Pratt and John Hall became missionaries to Africa. In July, 1864, the advance guard of Gen. Garrard's Cavalry Corps commandeered this church for a hospital, removing the furnishings. Except the pipe organ, these were returned intact after the war. The silver communion service in use today was hidden by Miss Fannie Whitmire in a barrel at her home until the end of the war. -84.36333364065227 34.01888821061641 0 190.5548683758267 0 -7.665420101658961e-010 #msn_icon11_copy11 -84.36300557903398,34.01893810276253,0 Reynold's Brigade at the Ravine 0 July 20, 1864. Four regiments of Reynolds' Arkansas brigade, Walthall's div., Stewart's A.C., [Confederate] having deployed abreast at old Mt. Zion Ch., moved in a right oblique across Howell Mill & Collier rds. into the wooded ravine. The assault fell upon Knipe's & Robinson's brigades, Williams' div., 20th A.C. [Union] posted, with artillery, on the far side (N.) of the ravine. Subjected to enfilading fire from right & left & with no support but Selden's battery [Confederate] on the left. Reynolds' brigade was forced to withdraw, after a second attempt to cross the ravine. -84.41118541487342 33.80975475971636 0 113.1113769661154 2.720969161360996e-010 -9.879753793169423 #msn_red-pushpin_copy50 -84.41125063442357,33.80953752283974,0 Reynold's Brigade 0 Federal 14th A.C. advancing from Pace's Fy. (largely on Howell Mill Rd.) were stubbornly resisted by Wheeler's vastly outnumbered cavalry. Reynold's Arkansans, Walthall's div. Stewart's A.C., were posted N. of the creek, July 14, to support Wheeler's operations & to destroy the bridge after his inevitable withdrawal. July 18, 1864. All Confederate forces moved S. of the cr.; Reynold's troops fired the bridge & from the high ground, covered the approaches with musketry & artillery fire. Johnson's 14th A.C. div. [Union], failing to force a crossing, was halted for the night. -84.41601304792555 33.82367820731766 0 132.5431434501556 0 -4.649670870708543e-006 #msn_red-pushpin_copy2 -84.41608399127233,33.82376141172283,0 Palmer's and Hooker's AC Cross the Chattahoochee 0 July 17. 1864. Wood's 4th A.C. div. moved S. to this point from Power's Fy. (3 mi. N.) to cover the crossing of Palmer's 14th A.C. Hooker's 20th, followed the 14th on the 2 pontoon bridges at the site of old Pace's Ferry, a short distance above the present bridge. Aug. 26. Most of Sherman's forces having been shifted from the Atlanta front to Jonesboro, the 20th A.C. was posted along the river to guard bridges. Geary's 2nd div. was in this sector -- Ireland's brigade astride the road. Here, Aug. 27, Gen. Henry W. Slocum took over the command of the 20th Corps -84.45173777297752 33.85778232264318 0 139.2457546381962 1.057891242665485e-010 -3.961498129526943e-005 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy6 -84.45166518838461,33.85763802561146,0 On Geary's Front 0 In 1864, Collier Rd. topped the ridge N. Descending the slope E. it crossed the branch below the dam at Collier's Mill. Geary's left -- Candy's brigade & Aleshire's batteries [Union] -- were aligned along the old road facing south. The 33d N.J. (Jones' brigade) was sent to the high hill 500 yds. S. as an outpost. It had just gotten there when the left of Scott's brigade (Loring's div.), [Confederate{ in a surprise attack, drove the 33d from the hill, captured its colors & pressed forward toward Geary's line. The left of Scott"s brigade was driven back from Geary's front; the right, was diverted E. of the branch by Geary's oblique gun-fire. -84.40388564824256 33.81106031466442 0 147.8156069041417 0 -1.840207605723879e-006 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy30 -84.40396246424002,33.81097134674052,0 Old Williams Mill Road 0 The old Williams Mill Rd. crossed the Fulton-DeKalb Co. line here; it was identical with Briarcliff to this point where it continued S.W., crossing Highland at North Avenue. July 20, 1864. The Fed. 23d A.C., having camped on the Paden plantation (Emory Univ.), moved to the Williams Mill Road -- the left of its intrenched line, held by Hascall's div. in the area where Druid Hills M.E. Church stands. The 23d A.C. faced the outer Confederate defense line along Highland Ave., & when that line was abandoned early the 22d, the corps advanced S.W. to the Augustus Hurt plantation on the old Williams Mill Road. -84.34945119332289 33.77496069565751 0 265.0039482626512 0 0.02594909369001038 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy6 -84.3491334139928,33.77475196350066,0 Old Montgomery Ferry Road 0 A section of the old Montgomery Ferry Road ran N.W. from Geo. W. Collier's house (Land Lot 104) & crossed Peachtree Road (below Palisades). This point, on the old rd. is S.W. of the site of the war-time house of Andrew J. Collier which stood until recent years. Brig. Gen. Clement H. Stevens, [Confederate] commanding a brigade, Walker's div., Hardee's A.C. was killed near this spot while ordering the withdrawal of his troops after an unsuccessful assault on Federal forces posted on the high ground north of Collier Road -- in the Battle of Peachtree Creek, July 20, 1864 -84.39611747678593 33.80551294756445 0 364.8867827147222 1.525692598999708e-010 7.945043195891214e-008 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy4 -84.39627253693624,33.80529343410291,0 O'Neal's Brigade at the Ravine 0 July 20, 1864. Not until O'Neal's Alabama & Mississippi troops [Confederate] plunged down the wooded slope from Collier Rd., did the formation of Geary's [Union] refused line & the re-entrant angle created thereby, become apparent to them. Geary's right (Jones' brigade) joined the left of Williams' div. on ridge N. of the ravine. Being in low ground & beset on each flank by cross-fire, O'Neal's left pushed forward to a temporary line-break, while his right swung around to assail Geary's line flank & rear. By stubborn fighting & O'Neal's lack of support, Geary was able to hold his position. -84.40761256157822 33.81272602100153 0 94.41891268060876 0 2.155508776130439e-006 #msn_red-pushpin_copy30 -84.40749508198955,33.8126691851102,0 O'Neal's Brigade 0 O'Neal's (formerly (Cantey's) brigade, Walthall's div. [Confederate] began its assault abreast & on the rt. of Reynolds'. It struck the rt. of Geary's 20th A.C. div. [Union] posted on Collier Rd., forcing Geary to refuse Candy's brigade (in part) together with Ireland's & Jones', down the slope N.W. to the ravine where its juncture with the left of Williams' div. formed a re-entrant angle. O'Neal's men [Confederate] charged down the slope, in front of Geary's refused line, into the angle. They penetrated the Federal line at this critical point, the while assailing Geary's flank & rear in spite of artillery fire on rt. & left. Lacking support, O'Neal was forced back. -84.40796509712871 33.81045178108978 0 92.09907971455822 0 -3.045173362709619e-007 #msn_red-pushpin_copy0 -84.40784771135151,33.81034327444844,0 Montgomery - DeFoor House 0 James McC. Montgomery (1770 - 1842), of Jackson Co., Ga., War of 1812 veteran, settled in this vicinity about 1821. He resided in a 2-story house at about this location. Owning land, both sides of the river, he had a private ferry until a State franchise, Dec. 25, 1837, made it a link in up-state travel to the Cherokee domain -- the house, a way-station on the route & a Post Office, 1825 - 1842. In 1853 the heirs sold the 1000-acre tract, the house & ferry, to Martin DeFoor, who resided here until his death (by murder), 1879. The names of both owners survive as well-known roads. -84.45094896180171 33.82071813675633 0 197.1470223139351 0 0.0001112689775198943 #msn_icon56_copy4 -84.45047962395432,33.82078483145158,0 Shallow Ford 0 At about here, in 1824, Jacob R. Brooks established a ferry at Shallow Ford where the old Hightower Trail crossed the Chattahoochee. -84.35040702674245 34.00500627508557 0 369.4452352866362 0 0.001307156980110724 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy313 -84.3501855484201,34.0050111020998,0 McPherson's Troops at Shallow Ford 0 July 10, 1864. Dodge's 16th A.C., after a forced march of 27 mi. from the Sandtown Rd. (near Mabletown), via Marietta, reached Roswell. The troops waded the river & relieved Newton's 4th A.C. div. in the trenches S. of it. July 15. Logan's 15th A.C. reached Roswell & crossed on the two bridges built by Dodge's engineers. With the arrival of Blair's 17th A.C., July 17, McPherson's forces [Union] -- reassembled after a long march -- moved toward Decatur. -84.35064015522218 34.0052623571312 0 369.4452372614823 1.162461035303766e-010 0.001176774210145101 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy4 -84.35108599590608,34.00575196894241,0 McPherson's Troops March to Decatur 0 July 17, 1864. The three Federal armies, commanded by Gen. W. T. Sherman, having crossed the Chattahoochee River at Soap Creek, at Power's & Pace's ferries, & at Shallow Ford near Roswell, began the moved toward Atlanta on a wide front, designed to approach the city from the North, North-East and East. McPherson's Army of the Tennessee, consisting of Logan's 15th, Dodge's 16, & Blair's 17th Corps, having crossed at Shallow Ford, moved on this road toward Decatur, in the sequence as named. Their routes traversed the upper valleys of Nancy's and Peachtree Creeks. -84.33960374352677 33.97126301947546 0 339.9059076592383 0 3.0846393870342e-009 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy1 -84.33948073259228,33.97114769750709,0 Manigault's Brigade 0 July 22, 1864. Manigault's brigade, Brown's div., Cheatham's A.C. (Confederate) attacked this sector where Martin's & Lightburn's brigades were posted astride the Decatur rd. & the Ga. R.R. cut. Manigault's troops broke the Federal line at the cut, thereby forcing the withdrawal of Lightburn & Martin from this sector of the intrenched line of Logan's 15th corps. A counter-assault by Lightburn & Martin, together with Mercy's 16th A.C. brigade (brought up from the battlefield area S. of the R.R.), recovered the Federal line & the DeGress battery which Manigault's men had seized but had not been able to remove. -84.35189015065267 33.75868047335784 0 108.5463883568072 2.354544035292808e-010 2.22579834284853e-005 #msn_red-pushpin -84.35179762783029,33.75859642872933,0 Land Lot 104 0 The area E. (L. L. 104, 17th Dist.), long known as Collier's Woods, was part of the ante-bellum plantation of George W. Collier (1813-1903). Clear Creek P.O. (1831-1839), probably in this land lot, was named for the stream flowing across it; old Montgomery Fy. Rd. traversed it. July 18, 1864. Near its S. boundary, Confederate forces intrenced the outer Atlanta defense line from which, July 20, the troops of Walker's & Bate's divisions of Hardee's Corps [Confederate] advanced N. to attack Federal forces posted near Collier Rd., in the Battle of Peachtree Creek -- a conflict that was confined entirely to the area west of Clear Creek. -84.38708778191423 33.79999529055326 0 224.86125996934 0 0.01951448586512645 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy2 -84.38747139167847,33.79999244687057,0 Heard Family Cemetery 0 Isom's Ferry was located on the Chattahoochee River, at mouth of Soap Cr., .75 mi. N.W. It was operated in the 1860's by James Isom. Federal Army records cite it variously as Isham's Ford or Fy., Phillip's Fy., Cavalry Fd. The first of the Federal troops to pass the river was Cox's div., Schofield's 23d A.C. which crossed at Isom's July 8, & was aligned on this ridge parallel to the river & covering the ferry. Hascall's div. joined July 11 & by the 14th the adjusted corps line connected with the left of Howard's 4th A.C. along the ridge of Mt. Vernon Rd. near Crossroads Ch. John Heard (1835-1931) took over Isom's Ferry in 1868 & operated it until 1890. -84.42166446413584 33.92049730213456 0 69.33972742133321 0 0.0002977544936173953 #msn_icon11_copy4 -84.4218354576921,33.92066739264397,0 Immaculate Conception Catholic Church 0 First Catholic Church in the Atlanta area and the oldest complete building standing in downtown Atlanta. The church was established in 1848. The first building, a frame structure, was erected here in 1851. Father Thomas O'Reilly, its pastor, successfully appealed to Union General H.W. Slocum in 1864 to spare his church and the neighborhood. Thus, the church, four other churches, and the City Hall-Court House were saved from destruction when Atlanta was burned. -84.38995727386957 33.75077170719051 0 213.0275820628347 0 -6.332018608725431e-005 #msn_icon11_copy0 -84.39023506521824,33.75081344879368,0 Historic Ground 0 Atlanta's first City Hall stood here 1853-1883. Used jointly by Fulton county courts. During Atlanta's occupation - Sept. to Nov. 1864 - the 2nd Mass. Regiment, constituting the Provost Guard of Sherman's army, camped in a park on this site. From here, Sept. 6, 1864, went notice to the civilian population of Atlanta to assembly for registration and evacuation. Present State Capitol begun 1884; completed 1889. Commissioners turned back $118.43 of a $1,000,000 building appropriation. -84.38798583602753 33.7494094617121 0 211.9016072640705 0 -0.0207200717956166 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy00 -84.38832406512886,33.74943998705328,0 Harrow's Division, 15th AC 0 July 22, 1864. Harrow's 4th div. (composed of Walcutt's, Oliver's & Williams' brigades), 15th A.C. [Union] occupied this sector between Leggett's Hill & the Ga. R.R., which was the outer Confederate line until abandoned that morning. When Coltart's & Benton's brigades of Brown's div., Cheatham's A.C. [Confed.] assaulted this sector, Oliver's & Williams' troops gave way under a like pressure that broke Morgan Smith's line at the railroad, only to return at Harrow's command & re-possess it in a resurgent wave that restored it & the broke section northward. This action is pictured in the Cyclorama of the Battle of Atlanta in Grant Park. -84.35075747488797 33.75371437870698 0 154.6139826472499 1.340036989443135e-011 -4.062047568541673e-005 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy2 -84.35105065162131,33.75364328213721,0 Benjamin Harrison's Brigade 0 The 5 regts. of Col. Benjamin Harrison's brigade of Ward's div. (20th A.C.) [Union] were N. of this ridge when the Confederate attack in this sector was made. The brigade was moved forward in support of Geary's line & deployed astride Tanyard Branch -- 2 regiments west of Collier's Mill; the other 3 east of it. Scott's [Confederate] assaulting line was broken by Geary's artillery fire; the left of the brigade attempting to seize the guns while the right was diverted to the eastward of Tanyard Branch, where its threat to outflank both Harrison & Geary failed for lack of numbers. Benjamin Harrison was the 23d President, U.S. -84.40223995315765 33.8102662589524 0 147.6904649549251 5.173410441024694e-010 0.0001000496543596302 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy00 -84.40237710794251,33.81027977976278,0 Hardee at Peachtree Creek 0 Troops of Gen. W.J. Hardee's A.C. [Confederate] were posted in this sector, July 18, 1864, to guard the creek crossings when it was learned that Federal forces were moving toward Atlanta from Pace's & Power's Fys., Chattahoochee Rover. Wheeler's Cav. operated in the area N. of the creek to impede the Army of the Cumberland advance. Howard's 4th A.C., having crossed at Power's, reached Buckhead that afternoon. July 19. Wood's div. of the 4th, moved down the road to force a creek crossing. Hardee's men withdrew to the S. side, burning the bridge. Wood's div. crossed under fire & held a bridgehead until relieved by Newton's division. -84.39322707922632 33.80848048485696 0 126.1326007401231 0 -0.0006467339363411054 #msn_red-pushpin_copy111 -84.39334023804054,33.8083221245118,0 Green Bone Creek 0 -84.42947135975122 33.82572078197884 0 193.3820594474709 0 -0.0001868272540827277 #msn_ylw-pushpin0 -84.42920467220822,33.82587183736142,0 Federal/Confederate Fort No. 7 0 ]]> -84.40173636207651 33.75273666462503 0 1340.992853991274 0 -3.080625664662344 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy17 -84.40680907842582,33.75310673950982,0 Gap in Federal Line 0 The 129th, 105th Ill. & 70th Ind., the left of Harrison's brigade, together with the rest of Ward's div., 20th A.C. [Union] were posted in the low ground 350 yds. N., having just crossed Peachtree Creek. No immediate attack was expected. Scott's [Confederate] dash across the rd. & down the slope met the alerted 129th Ill. --the sole guardian of the left flank of Geary's div. for a brief period. Assailed front & flank, the 129th held on until the 105th Ill. & 70th Ind. came up. The gap was closed with the alignment E. of Coburn's brigade. Scott's troops were driven S. of the road & in a left wheel, the 129th Ill. moved E. against the left of Featherston. -84.40080084476691 33.80929606914312 0 215.7215723845267 1.198044128213309e-011 -6.593466953873713e-006 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy24 -84.4006989142444,33.80937229325288,0 Garrard's Cavalry and Newton's Division 0 July 9, 1864. Roswell bridge, having been destroyed by the retreating Confederates, Garrard's cav. [Union] waded the river at Shallow Ford in face of opposition from the south side. Wilder's brigade (Miller, commanding) led off -- its 4 regiments abreast as skirmishers, followed by the 3 regiments of Minty's brigade. The ridge, 300 yds. S. of the river, was seized, intrenched & held by Garrard's troopers until relieved at dusk by Newton's 4th A.C. div. which had moved up from Vining's Station. Newton, in turn, was relieved by Dodge's 16th A.C. [Union], July 10. Dodge's engineers built 2 bridges. -84.35291666666663 34.00478333333334 0 1000.000038816614 2.363716117274314e-011 -2.047014678512068e-014 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy26 -84.35361303110815,34.00438972898284,0 Geary's Division 0 July 20, 1864. Gen. J.W. Geary's 2d div., 20th A.C. [Union] occupied this ridge which was some 300 yds. in advance of Williams' 1st div. on his rt., & Ward's 3d, on his left -- all facing southward. His three brigades: Candy's, Jones' & Ireland's were massed on the ridge together with Aleshire's artillery. These troops were from New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania & Ohio; most of them had served under Geary at Gettysburg. This commanding ridge, overlook Tanyard Branch valley, was the critical point of the Federal position -- the objective of Confederate assaults by Walthall's & Loring's divs. of Stewart's A.C. [Confederate] on the Federal center. -84.40323728108412 33.81139023200268 0 320.4021984950294 0 0.0002479789489065833 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy25 -84.40392348845539,33.8111258141274,0 Geary's Refused Line 0 July 20, 1864. Geary's 20th A.C. div. [Union] was massed on this ridge (Candy's, Ireland's & Jones' brigades) in parallel lines on old Collier Rd., its front 400 yds. Eastward. A reconnoissance [sic] in force, there was no deployment & being several hundred yds. in advance of the other 2 divs., the position lacked support. The surprise attack by O'Neal [Confederate] struck Geary's right flank causing him to refuse his line on a left pivot down the slope to & beyond the deep revine northward, where it joined the left of Williams' division on a ridge. O'Neal's assault & Scott's [Confederate] attack at Collier's Mill, were critical moments of the battle. -84.40703350879501 33.81060532052574 0 265.8338035092453 0 -0.0004516527283174406 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy28 -84.40786563096003,33.81024757264549,0 Federal Signal Station 0 July 22, 1864. When 15th A.C. troops moved W. from line (at Candler St.) to the vacated Confederate line at the Troup Hurt house (at DeGress Ave.), a signal station was established by Lt. Samuel Edge in a tall pine near this site commanding a view of fortified Atlanta. Lt. Edge reported the advance of Confederate forces astride the R.R. and when the 15th A.C. line was broken, he abandoned the station -- returning to it after the line was restored. Near this site, in 1885, the battlefield was studied from a tower erected by the artists who created the Cyclorama; this established the viewing point of the big picture. -84.34920046779985 33.76033170771367 0 64.97280714958164 0 -1.565526745591178e-006 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy22 -84.34920046779985,33.76033170771367,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.42985031422579 33.823281278434 0 2808.004080976671 0 -0.03645058545473959 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.43471838152787,33.82607145917887,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.41780518553222 33.82208761398034 0 555.1606528172788 3.271705566339532e-011 -0.02974597361912142 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.41936356014622,33.82199237526108,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.40734034218562 33.81993442314232 0 553.9543272459077 8.407340688671828e-011 -0.02392126909971356 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy89 -84.40847461914748,33.82035437546494,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.39845060695279 33.81644192826477 0 548.0560282422895 1.354297034721076e-010 -0.01897373624390566 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.40006992231194,33.81579037841423,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.38876551094522 33.81482395051456 0 551.3505464636475 1.867860775604839e-010 -0.01358358376731947 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy89 -84.39012984609491,33.81517020936762,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.37696264397988 33.81455127861109 0 547.6323132337431 0 -0.007015598415711092 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.37838207212464,33.81494661209831,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.36435623497324 33.81767035940325 0 546.9522701321379 0 2.394638033246366e-007 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy89 -84.36451958508208,33.81787750027786,0 Nancy Creek 0 -84.44222099753243 33.83022461273335 0 1215.414088644475 0 0.0008040773898734555 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.44396664804829,33.83146755753742,0 Federal Crossings 0 Opposition by Confederate forces to Federal crossings of Peachtree Cr., were more formidable westward than eastward, because of high, wooded ridges on the south bank. Two days of severe conflict were required by the 14th Corps [Union] to effect lodgments on this side. July 19, 1864. Two brigades forced a passage at the mouth of Green Bone Cr., 5 mi. W., supported by a third beyond Nancy's Cr. Two brigades of Baird's div. managed a night crossing at Howell's Mills on an improvised bridge. July 20. Johnson's entire div. [Union] followed Baird, & 1.5 mi. W., Morgan's brigade after a 24 hour fight at Moore's Mill, gained the high bluff. -84.40172914081137 33.80994442504898 0 141.9142046591058 0 -17.73204349196431 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy23 -84.40206447714414,33.80998772056794,0 Davis' Hill 0 This hill was named after occupation & intrenching by Gen. J.C. Davis' 2d Div., 14th A.C., July 22, when the Army of the Cumberland [Union] moved up from Peachtree Cr. to the siege line facing the N. sector of Atlanta's defenses. Davis' position here formed the Right of the siege until July 28. From this hill Sherman directed Howard (com'd'g. Army of the Tenn., vice McPherson deceased) to align his 3 corps -- the 15th, 16th, & 17th -- S. along Chapel Rd., facing E. the shift of these troops from the E. to the W. side of Atlanta, began a move upon the 2 remaining railroads. -84.43386993286937 33.77411400266612 0 196.7325187159761 0 -0.0003690516822940355 #msn_purple-pushpin_copy21 -84.43391669474336,33.77387299020678,0 Confederate Battery Position 0 This battery was one of several cavalry outposts maintained by Wheeler's Cavalry (CSA) to watch the ferries and fords along the Chattahoochee River in 1864. The battery position consisted of a single piece of light artillery protected by strong earthworks. At 3:30 P.M. on July 8, 1864, Cox's Division, 23rd A.C., Army of the Ohio (U.s.), made one of the first crossings of the Chattahoochee river at this point. Wading the river, Federal forces scaled the steep slopes of this position capturing the gun. so quick was the crossing, the surprised and out-numbered Confederates were able to fire only a single cannon shot before withdrawing. J.D. Cox, in his book Atlanta, described this crossing as "One of the most picturesque of the campaign." In the hastily abandoned camp of the outpost was found a half-cooked meal and an unfinished letter from a Confederate soldier to his wife. Following this first successful crossing of the Chattahoochee by Federal troops, Confederate forces abandoned the main river defenses at Bolton, 7 miles to the south and retired toward the Atlanta defenses. -84.42808631084692 33.92273136798286 0 57.67894276373254 0 -1.192940527262537e-007 #msn_red-pushpin_copy29 -84.42805419020108,33.92277858259283,0 Davis Visits Confederate Army? 0 -84.6697363632896 33.55729947590994 0 2817.684486295876 2.994639914133896e-012 -1.063100646287836e-005 #msn_red-pushpin_copy31 -84.66800925145563,33.56150632967515,0 Confederate Army of Tennessee 0 The Army of Tennessee [Confederate] abandoned Atlanta Sept. 2, 1864, moved to Lovejoy, then to Palmetto, Sept. 19. Most of the Army entrenched 3 miles N. Gen. John B. Hood had headquarters here from Sept. 19 to 29, 1864. Pres. Jefferson Davis visited here Sept. 25th and on the 26th made a speech to the troops 3 miles N. where he was serenaded by the 20th Louisiana Ban. That same night Gen. Howell Cobb and Gov. Isham Harris of Tenn. spoke. On the 27th Pres. Davis left for Montgomery. Gen. Hardee was relieved of his command here, Sept. 28, and on the 29th Gen. Hood moved from here to start the disastrous Tennessee Campaign. -84.66920669158739 33.51811621166853 0 354.9488045524567 0 0.0002820491157370924 #msn_red-pushpin_copy28 -84.66952244889448,33.51741421468719,0 Coburn's Brigade 0 Four regiments -- 33d & 85th Ind., 19th Mich. & 22d Wis. -- Col. John Coburn's brigade, Ward's 3d div., 20th A.C., were posted in this sector -- the 22d Wis. on the ridge as skirmishers, the other three in the ravine N. of the road. The left of Featherston's brigade [Confederate], swept N. across the road, driving & pursuing the 22d Wis. down the slope, only to be assailed in turn by Coburn's regiments advancing from the ravine, aided by the left of Harrison's & the right of Wood's brigades. Featherston withdrew to the barricades at the road, but a lack of support on right & left forced his withdrawal. -84.40012470494507 33.80643591328271 0 334.3193512022742 0 -0.0005608406740084419 #msn_purple-pushpin -84.39919029606152,33.80623318538238,0 Casey's Hill 0 A notable eminence between Peachtree & Proctor's creeks near the Chattahoochee River & named for John A. Casey (1820 - 1907) who lived on this hill near the old Montgomery Church. Prior to & during the 1860's, the road from Atlanta crossed this hill & via Montgomery's Ferry, ran to Marietta in Cobb County. Confederate forces crossed the river near the R.R. bridge, July 9-10, 1864, & camped on the left bank until the 18th when most of them shifted toward Atlanta on the old Marietta Rd. Enroute, they learned that Gen. Johnson [CSA] had been relieved of the command & Gen. Hood had been appointed his successor. -84.44611107837618 33.80999293126835 0 263.8808165709702 0 22.69491184207407 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy116 -84.446606917043,33.81015493618674,0 Bulloch Hall 0 Built in the early 1840's by Major James Stephen Bulloch. His second wife, married in 1832, was Martha Elliott. Their second daughter, Martha (Mittie) Bulloch and Theodore Roosevelt married here in 1853. Their son Theodore Roosevelt was the 25th President of the United States. Elliott Roosevelt, another son of Theodore Roosevelt Sr. and Martha Bulloch, was the father of Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, who married her fifth cousin, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 31st President (1932-45). -84.36755447246681 34.01525709461875 0 152.7410612316189 1.613702932407922e-010 -0.003287518835357733 #msn_icon561 -84.36775066067771,34.01527515356144,0 Brown's and Clayton's Divisions 0 July 22, 1864: 3:30 P.M. Gen. Hood [Confed.] launched an attack from the east line of the city fortifications, on the 15th A.C. astride the Ga. R.R. (at DeGress Ave.) -- a mass assault by two divs. of Cheatham's A.C.: Brown's & Clayton's. Brown's brigades were: Manigault's, Sharp's, Coltart's & Benton's; Clayton's brigades were: Stovall's, Baker's, Gibson's & Holtzclaw's. The impact of these eight small brigades dislodged four Federal brigades from their intrenched line at and each side of the R.R. -- where the spear-head of the attack was aimed. This, the critical molment of the battle is pictured in the Cyclorama at Grant Park. -84.35944778403314 33.75567028601677 0 139.088890757866 0 -15.48169145139532 #msn_red-pushpin_copy00 -84.35933459921593,33.75560227023713,0 Sandy Creek 0 -84.52134431018648 33.78665533225126 0 995.8105714516202 0 -4.858965231395482e-005 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy70 -84.52134431018648,33.78665533225126,0 Nelson's Ferry (Approximate) 0 At about this location was the house of John B. Nelson, owner of Nelson's Ferry in the 1820's. His son, Allison Nelson was born there March, 1822. After service in the Mexican War, he was a representative in the Georgia General Assembly (1848 - 1849) & ninth Mayor of Atlanta (1855). Commissioned Brig. Gen. in the Confederate Army, Sept. 12, 1862, he served until his death near Austin, Lonoke Co., Arkansas, Oct. 7, 1862. -84.50643841182739 33.79582317632096 0 1613.548375093646 1.114686611543948e-011 0.008239742006451237 #msn_icon56 -84.50638774891773,33.79540153967496,0 Bethsaida Baptist Church and Cemetery 0 Bethsaida Baptist Church, formed in 1829, was led by itinerant preachers traveling in the area. The original wooden structure was built in 1829, on this site. In 1864, Union forces occupied the church as a headquarters, even used the pews as horse troughs. The Bethsaida Baptist Church Cemetery has graves dating from the 1800's. The church never charged a fee for burial plots, so the cemetery was popular with the community. -84.45905446581284 33.56037541286602 0 409.6496301816919 8.476518339689413e-011 -0.0001222273464678056 #msn_icon11_copy1 -84.45935664135573,33.5600646728039,0 Benton's & Coltart's Brigades 0 July 22, 1864. When Brown's (formerly Hindman's) div., Cheatham's A.C. [Confed.] attacked the Fed. line e. of here, Benton's Mississippi & Coltart's Alabama brigades struck Harrow's div. of the 15th A.C. [Union], dislodging Williams' & Oliver's brigades. Simultaneously, Manigault seized Martin's & Lightburn's line astride the Ga. R.R. northward -- a combined action that displaced four Federal brigades on a half-mile front which they later recovered by reinforced counter-assaults. Col. Samuel Benton, wounded in the battle, was carried to the rear and later removed to a hospital at Griffin, Ga., where he died. -84.35166521194584 33.75407245881236 0 132.6767256410593 0 -1.877049745774397e-005 #msn_red-pushpin01 -84.3517134459388,33.75383706974401,0 Battlefield of Peachtree Creek 0 Lt. Gen. John B. Hood, on taking command of the Army of Tennessee [Confederate], July 18, 1864, began aggressive action against the Federal approach to Atlanta from upper Chattahoochee crossings. July 20. Hood's 1st move was to attack Thomas' Army of the Cumberland before it crossed Peachtree Cr., but a delay in Confederate deployment enabled the Federals to gain positions south of the creek. Battle was joined in this area. Beginning in Clear Creek valley on the E., it moved progressively W. to Howell Mill Rd. -- the sanguinary fields bisected by Collier Rd. -84.39306190637335 33.80501960600293 0 110.5052864500156 0 0.0002451938840078749 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy510 -84.39331304756826,33.80485266089693,0 Battle of Ezra Church - Right of 15th Corps 0 July 28, 1864. This marks the extreme right of Howard's Army of the Tennessee during the Battle of Ezra Church. Lightburn's brigade of H. L. Smith's div., Logan's A. C., occupied the immediate sector. From here the line ran S. E. to a salient angle (Laurel Avenue at Archer) where it turned N. E. to and beyond Ezra Church. The battle began with an assault by Brown's 4 brigades of S. D. Lee's A. C. [CSA] endeavoring to roll up the Federal rt. Failing to dislodge Logan, the Confederates made another attempt in this same area with Walthall's division of Stewart's A. C. - - the results were similar. -84.44613676658642 33.75376318003229 0 308.5162299184235 8.385057159453512e-011 0.0008023610614348003 #msn_purple-pushpin0 -84.44582476534576,33.75355645720794,0 Battle of Ezra Church - Gen. J.C. Brown's Division 0 July 28, 1864. The 4 brigades of Brown's Div., S. D. Lee's A. C. [CSA], deployed in this area, made the initial assaults on the Federal right flank posted on the ridge just N. E. Their combined attacks struck Lightburn's & Martin's brigades of Morgan L. Smith's Div. of Logan's 15th A. C. Brown's brigades, L. to R., were Brantly's, Sharp's & Johnston's, Manigault's in reserve. Brantly's Mississippians carried the log barricades of the 83d Indiana (Lightburn's brigade) but were swept back by a counter-assault. A 2d attempt was made on the same ground by Walthall's Div. (Stewart's Corps), but with like results. -84.44758075715505 33.75505218577864 0 92.57063599004579 0 6.67500380222249e-010 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy60 -84.44769464650992,33.75511167040564,0 Baker's Brigade 0 July 22, 1864. Baker's Alabama brigade (Col. J.H. Higley comdg.), Clayton's div., Cheatham's A.C., [CSA} was diverted N.E. in Clayton's attack on the 15th A.C. eastward, thus forming the extreme left of the line extending S. to Glenwood Ave. Higley's troops faced the right sector of the 15th A.C. held by 2 brigades of Woods' div. on the S. slope of Copenhill. A gap of 250 yds. in the swampy area of Clear Creek valley, separated Woods from the right of Morgan Smith's div. where the DeGress battery was posted. Woods' flank attack on Manigault's line at the Troup Hurt house not only retrieved the battery, but forced Baker's brigade to withdraw -84.35822365308586 33.75876699847235 0 50.24550341474266 0 4.621326158522886e-006 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy3 -84.35824975309512,33.75874661473248,0 Hurt Plantation 0 The outer Confederate defense line of Atlanta, located on E. slope of this hill, July 18, was evacuated the night of the 21st, 1864. July 22. The Federal 23d A. C., under Schofield marching from the N. E. via Williams Mill Rd. intrenched a line W. & S. of Augustus Hurt's house, where it supported the rt. wing of the Army of the Tenn. in the Battle of Atlanta. July 26. With the shift of that army to the W. side of Atlanta, the 23d A. C. became the extreme right S. W. of the city. The 4th A. C., its left resting at the Augustus Hurt house, became the left of the line until Aug. 25. -84.35573515846032 33.76742083430167 0 428.7487502857777 0 0.001192789228422251 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy411 -84.35705286223613,33.76784433439255,0 Augustus Hurt House (Approximate) - Sherman's HQ 0 At about this location stood the plantation residence of Augustus F. Hurt (1830-1921), built 1858 and razed by Federal forces, 1864; erroneously cited in Official Records as the Howard house. July 22, 1864. 4th & 23d A.C. troops, in line with Federal advances on Atlanta, occupied this hill, having marched via old Williams Mill Rd. Sherman, together with Howard & Schofield, maintained command posts here during the afternoon while McPherson's Army of the Tennessee fought defensively at & S. of the Ga. R.R. where two of Hood's corps [CSA] attacked it. Here, McPherson's body was brought from battlefield enroute to burial at Clyde, Ohio. -84.3554577287244 33.76856598384678 0 427.7486921601361 0 0.001347011405427412 #msn_ylw-pushpin000 -84.35604455342408,33.76884635449127,0 Troup Hurt House 0 The plantation house of Geo. M.T. Hurt, begun the Summer of 1862, never completed & never occupied as a residence, stood on the site of the stone church. It faced the Decatur Rd. July 18, 1864. A sector of the outer line of Atlanta's defense works was located just E. of the house, which was used as h'dq'rs by the 10th S. Carolina regt., (Confederate) of Manigault's brigade. July 22. The same troops, having withdrawn to the city the night before, returned late afternoon & attacked the Federal forces occupying the position, capturing & holding it until driven out. This is the moment shown in the Cyclorama of the Battle of Atlanta. -84.35181224437734 33.75944065161404 0 123.3224653105136 0 4.510581605364044e-006 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy112 -84.35203927455075,33.75943258511698,0 Attack From the West 0 July 22, 1864. Gen. George Maney's div. (Hardee's A.C.) [Confed.] attacked the front of Giles Smith's div., 17th A.C. [Union] posted on Flat Shoals Road (Leggett's Hill to Glenwood), while Cleburne's div. attacked it from the rear. This forced the withdrawal of Smith the s. slope of Leggett's Hill where he occupied a 2nd line extending eastward from Leggett's position. Cleburne & Maney, following up their advantage, were aided by Stevenson's div. (Cheatham's A.C.) [Confed.] from the city fortifications. Repeated attacks, front, flank & rear, by the three Confederate divisions failed to dislodge the 2 divs. of the 17th A.C. -- Leggett's & Smith's. -84.35420561649195 33.74669287480151 0 64.9260884920908 0 2.510323460931136e-008 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy215 -84.3542456426585,33.74661351103273,0 Atlanta's Outer Liner 0 Johnston's army [CSA] moved to this side of the river July 9-10, 1864. French's div., Stewart's A.C. was posted astride the R.R. to guard the left bank pending Federal crossings up river. July 18. With the Federal advance S. to Peachtree Cr. Valley, French was shifted to Casey's line of Atlanta at this point. With its left resting here, it was continued by other commands 5.5 mi. E. to Highland Ave., & S. 3.5 mi. to Leggett's Hill in E. Atlanta -- a total of 9 mi. It was occupied by 3 infantry corps & State Militia. The line was vacated July 22 -- the troops falling back to the inner line. -84.44664675521143 33.80861026972342 0 689.195736715096 0 3.894988904714897e-010 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy01 -84.44664675521143,33.80861026972342,0 33rd N.J. State Flag 0 July 20, 1864. To this high ground, 500 yds. in front of Geary's div. (20th A.C.) [Union] on Collier Rd., the 33d N.J. regt., Jones' brigade, was sent to establish & support a battery position. The regiment had scarcely reached this hill when, in a surprise attack, it was assailed by Scott's brigade (Loring's div.) [Confederate] moving toward the main line of the 20th corps. The 33d N.J., despite its endeavors to hold the hill, was driven back to the road -- its State flag (a blue banner) being seized by John Abernathy of the 27th Alabama regiment. Scott's assault began the critical struggle that centered at Collier's Mill. -84.40246481473577 33.80674327665039 0 196.744514960834 0 -2.040922775184996e-009 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy1 -84.40260389862598,33.80667907236032,0 Wilson House (approximate) 0 The Judge William Wilson House, dating from the mid 1850s, is one of six documented antebellum houses left in Atlanta. The two-story Greek Revival Plantation style home, built of rubble stone and hand-made brick from 1856 to 1859, was part of a 1200-acre estate owned by Wilson, one of the largest landowners in Fulton County. In August 1864, Federal troops camped on his land during the month-long Battle of Utoy Creek. After serving in the Georgia Volunteer Infantry in the Civil War, Wilson returned to his home and became active in community affairs as a member of the Georgia General Assembly and a Fulton County sheriff and a judge. The Adamsville Masonic Lodge was formed in his home. -84.49917532512708 33.77066401380863 0 249.1174833618695 0 0.0004205648768784614 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy85 -84.49967404503053,33.77106871661351,0 Martins Ferry 0 -84.34264688604392 34.00391423366246 0 407.9098747991812 1.359280877020418e-010 1.843702397639235e-007 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy87 -84.34367162151787,34.00464392644344,0 Collier's Mill 0 At about this location, on the right bank of Tanyard Branch, stood an ante-bellum grist mill built & operated by Andrew J. Collier, pioneer resident of this area. (1827-1887) A notable landmark at the time of the Battle of Peachtree Creek -- July 20, 1864. It stood, not only at the center of Federal troop alignment along Collier Rd., but was the storm-center of the conflict that raged here, since the stream valley was a strategic approach to the Federal center toward which the Confederate forces (Walthall's & Loring's divisions of Stewart's Corps) made their heaviest attacks. -84.40250026036433 33.81033352260305 0 107.7024516655716 0 1.94744049649228e-009 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy89 -84.40250026036433,33.81033352260305,0 Fort Hood 0 -84.40566583758515 33.77417613764857 0 210.0142128481264 0 -3.148068364971608e-010 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy85 -84.40566253337681,33.77415691181069,0 Holcomb Ferry 0 -84.26325894900714 33.97312233821278 0 205.5482826037047 0 -2.345248739015423e-007 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy85 -84.26317093529337,33.97332779036893,0 Fort Walker 0 Southeastern salient of Atlanta's inner line of fortifications erected during the Summer & Fall of 1863. The line consisted of a cordon of redoubts on hills connected by rifle pits encircling the city, aggregating some 10.5 miles of earthworks designed & supervised by Col. L. P. Grant, pioneer citizen, construction engineer & railroad builder of Atlanta. After 93 years, it is one of a few remnants of a line that withstood the quartering steel & climbing fire of Federal armies forty-two days -- evacuated only when the remaining R.R. was cut. The fort was named for Maj. General W.H.T. Walker, killed in the Battle of Atlanta. -84.368898746022 33.73124306845384 0 114.3521919097958 0 2.947543840446719e-008 #msn_red-pushpin_copy32 -84.36877236607018,33.73114096706387,0 Jett Ferry 0 -84.31742155484062 33.98529990085165 0 260.5550423909251 0 -3.971953868624425e-007 #msn_ylw-pushpin_copy85 -84.31716990774034,33.98565906963803,0